Radiated electromagnetic field (EMI) in space is mainly generated by power network, transient process of electrical equipment, lightning, radio broadcasting, television, radar, high-frequency induction heating equipment, etc. It is usually called radiation interference, and its distribution is extremely complex. If the PLC system is placed in the radio frequency field, the radiation interference will be recovered, and its influence will mainly pass through two paths: one is the direct radiation inside the PLC, which is caused by circuit induction; the other is the radiation to the PLC communication network, which is caused by Induction of communication lines introduces interference. Radiated interference is related to the layout of the field equipment and the size of the electromagnetic field generated by the equipment, especially the frequency, and is generally protected by setting up shielded cables and PLC partial shielding and high-voltage relief components.
Interference from the external leads of the system
Mainly introduced through power and signal lines, usually called conducted interference. This kind of interference is more serious in my country’s industrial scene.
Interference from the power supply
Practice has proved that there are many cases of PLC control system failure caused by the interference introduced by the power supply. The author encountered it during the debugging of a project, and the problem was solved by replacing the PLC power supply with higher isolation performance.
The normal power supply of the PLC system is powered by the grid. Due to the wide coverage of the grid, it will be subject to all space electromagnetic interference that induces voltages and circuits on the line. In particular, the changes in the power grid, such as the operation surge of the incoming switch, the start and stop of large power equipment, the harmonics caused by the AC and DC transmission devices, and the short-circuit transient impact of the power grid, etc., are all transmitted to the primary side of the power supply through the transmission line. PLC power supply usually adopts isolated power supply, but its mechanism and manufacturing process factors make its isolation not ideal. In fact, due to the existence of distributed parameters, especially distributed capacitance, absolute isolation is impossible.
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