软件的当前状态由-一个在后台自动运行的系统诊断程序进行监视。
诊断显示的结果在标准化系统显示中分三个详细层次进行描述:
系统状态显示(显示包括操作站、过程站、现场控制器以及系统总线DigiNetS 和站总线
DigiNetP在内的系统结构总貌和状态)
●站状态显示(显示 某站的状态信息)
●模件状态显示(显示与所选模件有关的详细信4)。
5. 3系统工程组态与调试维护工具软件CBP (Control Builder F)
CBF:是Industrial “DCS控制系统的工程工具，它是集组态(包括硬件配置、控制策略、HIS即人机
接口等组态)、工程调试和诊断功能为- -体的工具软件包。CBF采用统- -的 系统全局数据库和强大的交
叉参考工具，不仅能方便地完成自动化组态，而且是一个高性能的过程调试工具。Industrial”DCS系
统过程控制站PS所需的各种控制算法和策略都是由CBF来组态的，井采用图形化的组态方法(符合
1EC61131- 3标准)。
CBF也用于对操作站人机接口(HIS)功能的组态并还可直接对现场总线设备进行组态。
控制算法和策略组态可选用以下IEC 61131-3标准组态方法中的一-种或几种:
FBD (功能方块图 )
JD (梯形图)
SFC (顺序功能图 )
IL (指令表)
sT (结构化文本)
CBF安装在Industrial “系统工程师站上，完成后的组态结果由工程师站通过系统网络下载至相应
的现场控制器PS及操作站0S中。组态既可在线也可离线。离线组态仅需-台装有CBF软件的计算机。
系统提供-一个含有220多种功能模块(标准算法程序)的功能块库，除了IEC 61131 _3 标准规定
的基本内容外，还扩充了许多功能强大并经过严格测试的功能块。用户还可自定义功能块和由若千功
能块组成的用户宏。CBF 还提供200 多个标准图形符号(静态和动态)及大量美观实用的立体图例可
供HIS组态选用。
CBF在执行组态编译时能自动查找定位错误源，交叉参考功能可帮助工程师迅速查找对应的变
量位号、功能块及操作画面，大大提高了组态效率。CBF可引入或导出ASCII 程序、显示画面、变
量位号和部分项目树。CONTROL BUILDER F还可输出包括全部组态结果的图形化工程文档。
CBF (Control Builder F)还具有如下特点: .
o使用同一工程软件完成控制策略组态和HMI组态。(即硬件配置组态、过程控制编程、操作
站组态- – 体化)
J 高性能图形化组态编辑工具，符合1EC61 131-3标准
功能库提 供220 多个功能(算法)模块，远超过IEC61131 3所规定 的基本内容
宏库提供200多个可扩展和定义的图形符号和大量三维图例供画面组态
o采用项目树使得程序生成灵活，程序组织清晰明了
J 采用统一的系统全局数据库
Windows 下的在线帮助功能
o项目文件备份
o口令保护
项目树
项目树是用于管理和调试整个用户程序(组态内容)的核心工具。所有的项目组态数据均以树结构
方式显示，在项目树中可访问系统组态的全部内容。项目树的结构非常直观，与Microsoft Windows
的文件管理器很类似。在项目树中:
o项目树中的组态数据呈结构化
口定义任务级别并分配到相应的硬件设备
的
J 为各任务级别分配所属程序
J程序、显示和记录可在项目树中调用、复制和移动
对程序编译检查，并显示相应的处理状态
o
引入和输出项目组态
o下载用户程序至相应的过程站PS
J‘ 下载用户程序至操作站或计算机接口站
项目数揭库
Industrial”系统的信号、变量和过程点均由- -个公共项目数据库管理。包括变量- -览表(如I/0
及内部变量)和回路(标签) – -览表(功能块用) .数据库是全局性的，故数据只需键入一次，从而
避免组态时可能发生的混乱和错误。- -次至数据键入还能大大减少系统调试时的时间耗费，缩短工期
并节省金钱。
建立用户程序时会自动生成变量和回路(标签)- -览表， 变量和过程点也可在FBD、LAD 或IL中
直接打开并修改。在- -览表中可对每条记录的名称、说明、数据或模件类型进行项目全局范围内的修
改，可进行指定条件查询。- -览表的另- -重要功能是交叉参考功能，它可帮助工程师在全系统范围内
迅速查找出并自动打开与指定变量或回路位号相关的程序及显示画面。
控制策略自动化功能组态方式
控制鐐略组态方法功能块圜(FBD)
功能块图(FBD)是- -种图形化组态编程语言，用于实现回路调节
控制和逻辑控制功能。FBD 程序是由若干功能块图有机排列而成，
各种功能、功能块及程序输入输出变量之间用信号流向线按照控制
逻辑进行连接。控制某过程所需的信号处理由FED程序完成。由于具备CAD功能，因此可以在图形工
作区轻松实现各功能和功能块的定位及连接。FBD 编辑器的输入输出区用来键入输入输出变量，输入
在左，输出在右，信号流向由左至右。从功能块引脚和信号线的版面形式(粗细、颜色等)可以知道数
据类型。功能块参数定义的方法是在FBD参数对话框中行进行填空。完成后的FBD程序需经编译，检
查错误和语法。查出的错误或警告以列表显示，用鼠标单击表中某–行可直接转到相应的出错源址。
利用交叉参考功能，可迅速调出与错误对应的显示画面和程序并容易地找到相关变量和回路。
FRD的组态步骤如下:
1.定义FBD程序名称
5
2.调用FBD编辑器
功能&功能块
3.选择所需功能或功能块
4.将功能块放置在图形工作区
5.用信号流向线连接各功能块
6.键入输入输出变量
7.定义功能块参数
8.编译FBD程序
9.纠正语法错误
控制策略组态方法_顺序功能圉(SPC)
利用顺序功能图SFC可以方便地生成清晰的、图形化的顺序控制程序。要建立- -个SFC,需组态
要被执行的任务(命令)步(step)和允许执行下-步的步进条件(transition)，并为步和步进条件分配
功能块图、指令表或梯形图程序.顺序功能图的另-特性是能够产生选择性或并列性分支及对顺序结
构进行同步。完成一个顺序功能图(SFC)控制程序组态的同时，也自动生成- -个用于操作站上显示的
SFC画面。
控制策略组态方法_指令衰(IL)
指令表与计算机汇编语言比较类似，系统所有的过程处理功能均可由指令表编程实现.它能实现
诸如程序跳转和循环等FBD、LAD 及SFC所无法实现的功能。操作符可被显示和键入，并提供一个符
合IEC61131 3标准的带有下拉条的操作符列表框供直接输入。指令表中也可调用功能块和FBD图中
的其它操作，功能块参数定义方法与在FBD中完全-样。
22
MOL0O.
控制鐐略組态方法_梯形图(LD )
梯形图(LAD)也是1EC61131_ 3规定的一-种图形化组态语言，它起源于传统的由继电器线圈和触点
组成的反映逻辑电路电流状态的逻辑梯形图。梯形图的左右边界线分别称为供电母线和公共母线，梯
级由链接线、触点和线圈等梯形图元素构成。梯形图中同样也可调用功能块，功能块参数定义方法与
FRD中完全-样。梯形图最适于组态逻辑控制功能。
硬件结构
所需硬件及系统通信可在硬件编辑器(画面)中定义配置，并可得到操作站、过程站/现场控制器及
相应模件的详细信息。在站结构显示画面中，通过下拉式选择表完成操作站、过程站/现场控制器的
配置组态。每个过程站/现场控制器件处理显示规格及1/0 通道或通信接口的分配可分别组态。在硬
件编辑器中还可定义配置现场总线设备。
TW&aHT
图形化文档
组态好的程序和显示画面可以输出为完全图形化的文档而保存。使用各种排序条件(如按图号排
的可确保需要归档的数据清晰有序地输出。用户可根据需要指定归档范围，如程序和显示画面、交
叉参考、参数定义数据和说明。文件格式可以存储备用，FBD, IL, LD, SFC程序等进行归档时完全保
持在屏幕上的显示格式。使用系统文档管理功能，可生成整个或所选部分项目文档。
组志调试
调试期间，全部或部分用户程序被下载至操作站、过程站/现场控制器中。此后可以:
o、 下载修改过的内容
o启动和停止过程站/现场控制器
o启动、停止或复位任务
口定义功能块参数并激活它们
o显示、设定及跟踪过程变量的值
日可
o随时组合趋势窗口中的变量
口进行版本及状态检查
口进行诊断
调试期间CBF (Control Builder F)需从conf iguration(组态)方式
切換至commiss ioning (调试)方式，才可调用专门的编辑器以显示组
态好的程序。与组态时不同，调试时可显示I/0变量的实时值以及数
字信号的实时状态(0或1)，例如FBD图中数字信号线的外形变化(实
线或虚线)就反映其状态。过程变量的当前值可同时反映在数值窗口
与趋势窗口中，为功能测试与调整提供了极其方便的手段。不仅可显示当前调出程序的1/0变量，而
且能够显示来自其它程序变量和中间变量的实时值。
可以在调试过程中修改参数以实现程序优化设置，调试者可决定修改是临时的或永久性的。通过
参数.上载可浏览某段时间所做的修改，并进一步选择存储那些永久性参数以保证冷启动时不会丢失。
输入输出强制及设定新值功能用于动态仿真目的。
BF (Control Builder F)的组态方式与调试方式之间的简单切换使得应用程序的修改十分容
易。下载程序时可选择下载全部或局部组态，故当系统在线(保持运行并与实际生产过程相连)而又必
须修改控制方案时，CBF 可以进行在线组态而不必停车。在这种情况下仅需下载修改过的内容(而不是
全部覆盖)，对其它未经修改而正在运行的
abb_5shy4045l0006_3bhb030310r0001_3bhe039203r0101
system control station is all metal enclosure, which can withstand the most
Harsh industrial environment. The equipment can be installed in the cabinet or on the wall. The system complies with all current EMC standards and has CE standards
Annals.
Industrial “DCS system design purpose: the most economical engineering investment and the most powerful control function.
Industria1 “five features of DCS system:
1、 The comprehensive control system integrates DCS & PLC & field bus;
2、 RISC superscalar high-speed CPU with super performance;
3. High reliability, strict industrial application practice, and application performance of more than 1000 sets in China;
4、 Good openness, flexibility and expansibility;
5、 Easy engineering, friendly interface and simple maintenance;
2. Industria1 “system communication
Industrial ial “the system uses the international standard industrial bus. The field controller supports PROFIBUS, FF, MODBUS, can and other countries
International standard fieldbus, PROFIBUS is the most widely used open fieldbus international standard in the world, which is divided into FMS, DP and pa
Level III, DP communication rate can be up to 12MB. PROFIBUS is used to connect distributed i/0 stations, field bus instruments and other intelligent devices.
The communication among process station, operator station and engineer station is realized through the system bus diginets (Industrial Ethernet). user
Different transmission media (RJ45 twisted pair, thin cable, thick cable or optical fiber cable and mixed media) and network topology can be selected for the system bus
Due to the adoption of tcp/ip protocol, the system can also realize ultra long distance communication with the help of public telephone network (dial-up mode) or satellite.
PLC and other subsystems communicate with industrial “system through Modbus protocol interface. The system also supports iec870-5 over control coordination
Discussion.
The flash EPROM inside PS provides more than 220 function modules (control algorithm subroutines), in addition to the base specified in IEC 61131 3 standard
In addition to this content, many powerful and strictly tested function blocks from practical engineering applications are also expanded. Any complex control
All schemes can be realized by the combination of these function blocks.
The function blocks provided by the system mainly fall into the following categories:
o
Analog quantity processing
o
Digital quantity processing
Loop adjustment
Logical sequence control
c
Logical operation
Monitoring function
Acquisition function
c
Arithmetic operation
c
Tcp/ip protocol communication interface
Modbus protocol communication interface
1ec870-5 protocol communication interface (telecontrol)
4.2 field controller PS
Industrial ial “field controller PS is a special process control station, which is embedded with a fieldbus communication interface for users to use
Fieldbus technology provides a very flexible choice. Each PS is allowed to insert 4 fieldbus interface cards (card types can be different),
Each card is connected to a fieldbus to collect process data and diagnostic information from the bus. The interface card is easy to replace and plug and play
(plug & play) and can be plugged in and out with power.
The field controller PS has the following features:
o
Flexible: it supports all international standard open fieldbus and can be mixed
4 high-speed fieldbuses can be connected at the same time (max. 12 MBD)
Simple project: only use the same tool CBF (control build f) software for configuration, debugging and diagnosis
mouth
Access to all information from the site, including equipment management information
Global database of Fieldbus equipment, control level and HMI (human-machine interface)
Module identification with production operating parameters
c
Complete self diagnosis
Compact and rugged design
Front panel wiring
DIN rail (U-shaped) mounting well can be directly installed on the wall, which is simple and convenient
o
Allowable operating ambient temperature 60 C, automatic temperature monitoring
o
EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) conforms to en50082 standard
mouth
Certification: CE, Namur, CSA, csa-nrtl, FM class 1 div2, ghost, Lloyd
Installation area: Class 1 div 2
The PS supports the following types of fieldbus standards:
Profibus DP，up to 12 MBd
Modbus RTU，1200 to 38. 4KBd
Industrial” CAN I/0 Bus
o
Open CAN -Bus，up to 1 MBd
o
Foundation Fieldbus H1
up to 31. 25KBd
Foundation Fieldbus H2 (fast Ethernet)
HART
The system allows different types of field buses to be mixed and run simultaneously in the same field controller PS.
Industrial “field control explosion (AC800F) consists of the following components:
Basic unit pm802f
Power supply sa801f/sd802f
o
Ethernet network card ei801f/ei802f/ei803f
o
Fieldbus interface card fi810f/fi820f/fi830f
Various accessories
The main components of the field controller PS are described below.
Basic unit pm802f
The basic unit pm802f is composed of a metal rack and a CPU motherboard. It periodically scans the data from the
The signals of the field bus sensors are processed according to the control application program configured by the user, and then the calculation results are passed
The fieldbus interface card returns the corresponding fieldbus actuator.
Two field controllers can realize controller 1:1 redundancy, and undisturbed switching between master and slave PS. Two on each PS
Ethernet network card, the second network card is used to connect the system network diginets), and the second network cards can be interconnected with each other to form a special
Redundant communication link (diginetr) to ensure information synchronization between master and slave PS. — However, the master PS fails, and the slave PS can quickly and undisturbed connect the replacement worker
Make. All inputs and outputs also support redundant operation.
The data communication between the field process controller PS. operating station 0s and the engineer station es is completed by the system network (diginets), which is inserted
The – Ethernet network card on the PS basic unit provides the interface between PS and diginets. ES. Hardware configuration and PS
The user program is downloaded to the PS CPU through diginets and the first network card. After the field bus interface card is newly installed or replaced, the required group
The status information will be automatically reloaded. The configuration results and real-time process data are stored in RAM, and ram is installed on the Ethernet network card or battery card
The backup battery can maintain the configuration content and data in case of power failure.
Basic unit pmbo2f characteristics:
mouth
Installation slots of 4 fieldbus interface cards
c
Installation slot of 2 Ethernet network cards
Support redundant operation of Fieldbus interface card
Support hot plug of Fieldbus interface card
Technical indicators of basic unit pib02f:
CPU :Intel 80960HT25/75
32-bit RISC superscalar processor with operation speed of 150 MIPS
4 MB FLASH-EPROM
EEPROM，serial， 16 Kbit
o
Ram 8 MB (with error check and correction function, abb patent)
16 K internal cache (CPU cache RAM)
Ram backup battery (matchdog, optional redundancy)
Equipment internal temperature monitoring
Watchdog
I/0 sweeping cycle: configurable.
Time required to process 1000 IL (instructions):
< 1.0 ms (processing binary and 16 bit arithmetic instructions)
<2ms (processing fixed-point arithmetic instructions)
< 1.5ms (processing 32-bit floating-point arithmetic instructions)
Bthernet network card ei801f/ei802f/ei803f
The industrial Ethernet network card provides communication with the system network diginet s (iee802.3 Ethernet standard)
Interface.
Basic characteristics:
1ee802.3 Ethernet standard
o
Ei801f provides 10base2 thin cable communication interface
Ei802f provides 10BASE5 thick cable connection (through AUI interface)
Ei803f provides 10Base-T twisted pair communication interface
32-bit data bus, 100 mb/s
DMA (direct memory access) mode main memory ram, corresponding CPU operatin
2N3A3620-B5SHY4045L0006
